Park of China
Cultural 56Natural 23Mixed 4
South America has 83 World Heritage Sites (56 cultural, 23 natural, 4 mixed) in 11 countries. Hover over or tap a dot to see its name; click a name in the list to show it on the map. Listed by year of inscription.
- Galápagos Islands The Galápagos Islands, part of Ecuador, lie in the Pacific about 1,000 km from the South American mainland; 19 islands and the surrounding marine reserve sit at the confluence of three ocean currents. Their extreme isolation produced unusual animals such as the land iguana, giant tortoise and many finches, which inspired Darwin's theory of evolution.
- City of Quito Quito, the capital of Ecuador, was founded in the 16th century on the ruins of an Inca city and stands at 2,850 m. Despite the 1917 earthquake, it has the best-preserved and least altered historic centre in Latin America. Its monasteries and the Jesuit church and college are pure examples of the Baroque school of Quito.
- Historic Town of Ouro Preto Founded at the end of the 17th century, Ouro Preto in Minas Gerais was the focus of the gold rush and Brazil's golden age in the 18th century. After the mines were exhausted in the 19th century its influence declined, but many churches, bridges and fountains remain as evidence of past prosperity and of the Baroque sculptor Aleijadinho.
- Los Glaciares National Park Los Glaciares National Park lies in Santa Cruz province in Argentine Patagonia. It has rugged mountains and many glacial lakes, including Lake Argentino, about 160 km long, where glaciers meet the water and calve icebergs into the lake.
- Historic Centre of the Town of Olinda Olinda in north-eastern Brazil was founded by the Portuguese in the 16th century, and its history is tied to the sugar-cane industry. It was rebuilt after being looted by the Dutch, and its basic urban fabric dates from the 18th century. The balance of buildings, gardens, 20 Baroque churches, convents and many small chapels gives the town its character.
- Sangay National Park Sangay National Park in Ecuador has two active volcanoes and a full range of ecosystems from tropical rainforest to glaciers, with striking contrasts between snowcapped peaks and lowland forest. Its isolation has helped indigenous species such as the mountain tapir and Andean condor survive.
- City of Cuzco Cuzco, in the Peruvian Andes, developed under the Inca ruler Pachacutec into a complex urban centre with distinct religious and administrative functions, surrounded by clearly delineated agricultural and artisan areas. Spanish colonial buildings were later erected on Inca stone foundations.
- Historic Sanctuary of Machu Picchu Machu Picchu stands 2,430 m above sea level in the middle of tropical mountain forest in the Peruvian Andes. It was probably among the most remarkable urban creations of the Inca Empire at its height, with giant walls, terraces and ramps that seem carved from the natural rock, and it is a leading example of Inca architecture and planning.
- Jesuit Missions of the Guaranis: San Ignacio Mini, Santa Ana, Nuestra Señora de Loreto and Santa Maria Mayor (Argentina), Ruins of Sao Miguel das Missoes (Brazil) The property comprises the ruins of five Jesuit missions built in Guaraní territory in the 17th and 18th centuries: San Ignacio Miní, Santa Ana, Nuestra Señora de Loreto and Santa María la Mayor in Misiones, Argentina, and São Miguel das Missões in southern Brazil. They lie in tropical forest, and each has its own layout and state of conservation.
- Port, Fortresses and Group of Monuments, Cartagena Cartagena sits on a bay on Colombia's Caribbean coast and has the most extensive fortifications in South America. The city is divided into three neighbourhoods: San Pedro, with the cathedral and Andalusian-style palaces; San Diego, where merchants and the middle class lived; and Getsemaní, the popular quarter.
- Iguazu National Park Iguazu National Park in Misiones province, Argentina, borders Brazil. Its semicircular waterfall, about 80 m high and 2,700 m wide, is made up of many cascades. The surrounding subtropical rainforest has over 2,000 vascular plant species and wildlife such as tapirs, giant anteaters, howler monkeys and jaguars.
- Historic Centre of Salvador de Bahia Salvador de Bahia was the first capital of Brazil, from 1549 to 1763, and saw European, African and Amerindian cultures blend. From 1558 it was also the first slave market in the New World, supplying labour to sugar plantations. The old town preserves many outstanding Renaissance buildings and is known for its brightly coloured houses, often with fine stucco work.
- Chavin (Archaeological Site) The archaeological site of Chavín, in a high valley of the Peruvian Andes, gave its name to the culture that developed between 1500 and 300 BC. A former place of worship, it is one of the earliest and best-known pre-Columbian sites, with stone temples and underground galleries.
- Huascarán National Park Huascarán National Park lies in the Cordillera Blanca of central Peru, the world's highest tropical mountain range, where Mount Huascarán rises to 6,768 m. Deep ravines, glacial lakes, torrents and varied vegetation make up a spectacular landscape.
- Sanctuary of Bom Jesus do Congonhas The Sanctuary of Bom Jesus do Congonhas in Minas Gerais, south of Belo Horizonte, was built in the second half of the 18th century. It consists of a church with a Rococo interior of Italian inspiration, an outdoor stairway decorated with statues of the prophets, and seven chapels illustrating the Stations of the Cross, whose polychrome sculptures by Aleijadinho are masterpieces of Baroque art.
- Iguaçu National Park Iguaçu National Park in Paraná, Brazil, shares with the Argentine Iguazú National Park one of the world's largest waterfalls, extending about 2,700 m. It is home to many rare and endangered species, including the giant otter and giant anteater, and the spray from the falls supports lush vegetation.
- Chan Chan Archaeological Zone Chan Chan is the ruined capital of the Chimú Kingdom on the northern coast of Peru, near Trujillo, and the largest city of pre-Columbian America. It is divided into nine self-contained citadels, reflecting a strict political and social plan.
- Manú National Park Manú National Park lies in south-eastern Peru, with vegetation rising in tiers from lowland rainforest at about 150 m to high Andean zones at about 4,200 m. It holds an exceptional variety of species, including some 850 bird species, giant otters and giant armadillos.
- City of Potosí Potosí in the Bolivian highlands was regarded in the 16th century as the world's largest industrial complex, with silver ore processed by hydraulic mills. The site includes the industrial monuments of the Cerro Rico with its aqueducts and artificial lakes, the colonial town with the Casa de la Moneda and the Church of San Lorenzo, and the barrios mitayos where workers lived.
- Brasilia Brasilia was created from nothing as the capital in the centre of Brazil in 1956 and was a landmark in town planning. Urban planner Lucio Costa and architect Oscar Niemeyer aimed for harmony between the layout of the residential and administrative districts, often compared to a bird in flight, and the symmetry of the buildings, whose official architecture is notably innovative.
- Historic Centre of Lima The Historic Centre of Lima, in Peru's capital, was the 'City of the Kings' and until the mid-18th century the capital and chief city of Spain's South American dominions. Many of its buildings, such as the Convent of San Francisco, resulted from collaboration between local and Old World craftspeople.
- Jesuit Missions of the Chiquitos The Jesuit Missions of the Chiquitos are in eastern Bolivia. Between 1696 and 1760 the Jesuits founded six settlements inspired by the ideal cities of 16th-century philosophers, combining Catholic architecture with local traditions. The six that remain are San Francisco Javier, Concepción, Santa Ana, San Miguel, San Rafael and San José, and they are still lived in.
- Río Abiseo National Park Río Abiseo National Park lies on the eastern slopes of the Andes in northern Peru and protects rainforest with a high level of endemism; the yellow-tailed woolly monkey is found only here. Dozens of archaeological sites at 2,500 to 4,000 m document pre-Inca society.
- Historic City of Sucre Sucre, the first capital of Bolivia, was founded by the Spanish in the first half of the 16th century. Its many well-preserved 16th-century religious buildings, such as San Lázaro, San Francisco and Santo Domingo, show the blending of local architectural traditions with imported European styles.
- Serra da Capivara National Park Serra da Capivara National Park in north-eastern Brazil has numerous rock shelters decorated with cave paintings, some more than 25,000 years old. They are an outstanding testimony to one of the oldest human communities in South America.
- Jesuit Missions of La Santísima Trinidad de Paraná and Jesús de Tavarangue The Jesuit Missions of La Santísima Trinidad de Paraná and Jesús de Tavarangue are ruined mission settlements in southern Paraguay. Founded by the Jesuits in the 17th and 18th centuries, they are of artistic interest and record the Christianization of the Río de la Plata basin and its social and economic initiatives.
- Coro and its Port Coro and its port, in north-western Venezuela, display earthen constructions unique to the Caribbean, combining local traditions with Spanish Mudéjar and Dutch building techniques. Founded in 1527, Coro was one of the first colonial towns in the region.
- Lines and Geoglyphs of Nasca and Palpa The geoglyphs of Nasca and Palpa cover the arid coastal plain of southern Peru, about 400 km south of Lima. Scratched into the ground between 500 BC and AD 500, these lines and figures are remarkable for their number, size and continuity, and remain one of archaeology's great puzzles.
- Canaima National Park Canaima National Park, in south-eastern Venezuela on the borders with Guyana and Brazil, covers 3 million ha, about 65% of it tepui table-mountain formations. The tepuis have a distinctive flora and fauna, and Angel Falls lies within the park.
- Los Katíos National Park Los Katíos National Park extends over some 72,000 ha in north-western Colombia, with low hills, forests and humid plains. It has exceptional biological diversity, with many threatened animal species and endemic plants.
- Rapa Nui National Park Rapa Nui is the indigenous name of Easter Island, part of Chile in the south-eastern Pacific. A Polynesian society that settled there around AD 300 built shrines and the enormous stone figures known as moai between the 10th and 16th centuries, creating a unique cultural landscape.
- Historic Centre of Santa Cruz de Mompox Mompox, founded in 1540 on the River Magdalena, played a key role in the Spanish colonisation of northern South America. From the 16th to the 19th century it grew along the river, with the main street acting as a dyke. The historic centre keeps a harmonious urban landscape, and most buildings are still used as originally intended.
- National Archeological Park of Tierradentro The National Archaeological Park of Tierradentro, in the Andes of south-western Colombia, contains monumental statues of human figures and many underground tombs of the 6th to 10th century. Some chambers are up to 12 m wide and are decorated with motifs copying the interiors of contemporary houses, showing the social complexity of a pre-Hispanic society.
- San Agustín Archaeological Park San Agustín Archaeological Park, in the southern Colombian Andes, holds the largest group of religious monuments and megalithic sculptures in South America. The statues depict gods and mythical animals in styles from abstract to realist, made by a northern Andean culture that flourished from the 1st to the 8th century.
- Historic Quarter of the City of Colonia del Sacramento The Historic Quarter of Colonia del Sacramento, on the Río de la Plata in south-western Uruguay, was founded by the Portuguese in 1680 and was strategically important in resisting the Spanish. It was disputed for a century, and its well-preserved urban layout and buildings remain.
- Historic Centre of São Luís São Luís, in Maranhão in northern Brazil, was founded by the French, occupied by the Dutch and then came under Portuguese rule. Its late 17th-century core keeps its original rectangular street plan in full, and an exceptional number of historic buildings survived because of economic stagnation in the early 20th century, making it an outstanding example of an Iberian colonial town.
- Fuerte de Samaipata The archaeological site of Samaipata in eastern Bolivia has two parts: a hill with many carvings, thought to be the ceremonial centre of the old town in the 14th-16th centuries, and an administrative and residential district to its south. The huge sculpted rock is a unique testimony to pre-Hispanic traditions and beliefs, with no parallel in the Americas.
- Historic Centre of Santa Ana de los Ríos de Cuenca Cuenca stands in a valley surrounded by the Andes in southern Ecuador. This inland colonial town, now the country's third city, was founded in 1557 following planning guidelines issued by Charles V of Spain, and has kept its orthogonal plan for 400 years. Its architecture, much of it from the 18th century, reflects a mix of local and immigrant populations.
- Historic Centre of the Town of Diamantina Diamantina is a colonial town in Minas Gerais, Brazil, set among rocky mountains. It recalls the diamond prospectors of the 18th century and shows human cultural and artistic achievement in a difficult environment.
- Discovery Coast Atlantic Forest Reserves The Discovery Coast Atlantic Forest Reserves, in the states of Bahia and Espírito Santo, consist of eight separate protected areas with 112,000 ha of Atlantic forest and associated restinga scrub. The Atlantic coastal rainforest is among the richest in biodiversity in the world, and this site has a high level of endemism and a pattern of evolution of scientific and conservation importance.
- Atlantic Forest South-East Reserves The Atlantic Forest South-East Reserves, in the states of Paraná and São Paulo, comprise 25 protected areas of about 470,000 ha and contain some of the best and most extensive Atlantic forest in Brazil. They range from densely forested mountains to wetlands, coastal islands and dunes, and show the biological wealth and evolutionary history of the last remaining Atlantic forests.
- Cueva de las Manos, Río Pinturas Cueva de las Manos, on the Río Pinturas in Santa Cruz province, Patagonian Argentina, holds an exceptional group of cave paintings made between about 9,500 and 13,000 years ago. It is named for the many stencilled hand outlines, and also shows animals such as guanacos and hunting scenes.
- Península Valdés Península Valdés, in Chubut province, Patagonia, is a site of global importance for marine mammal conservation. It supports breeding populations of the endangered southern right whale, southern elephant seal and southern sea lion, and its orcas have developed a distinctive hunting strategy suited to the local coast.
- Historical Centre of the City of Arequipa The historic centre of Arequipa, in southern Peru, is built of volcanic sillar rock and represents an integration of European and native building techniques and styles, shown in the work of colonial masters and Criollo and Indian masons.
- Central Suriname Nature Reserve The Central Suriname Nature Reserve covers 1.6 million hectares of primary tropical forest in west-central Suriname, protecting the upper Coppename River watershed and the headwaters of several other rivers. It has rich plant and animal life with very little human disturbance.
- Tiwanaku: Spiritual and Political Centre of the Tiwanaku Culture Tiwanaku, in the Andean highlands of western Bolivia, was the capital of a powerful pre-Hispanic empire that dominated a large area of the southern Andes and beyond. It reached its height between 500 and 900 AD, and its monumental remains testify to a civilisation distinct from other pre-Hispanic empires of the Americas.
- Ischigualasto / Talampaya Natural Parks Ischigualasto and Talampaya are two adjoining parks covering about 275,300 ha of desert in western Argentina. They contain the most complete known continental fossil record of the Triassic Period, showing the evolution of vertebrates and the palaeo-environments of that time.
- Noel Kempff Mercado National Park Noel Kempff Mercado National Park in north-eastern Bolivia covers 1,523,000 ha and is one of the largest and most intact parks in the Amazon Basin. Rising from 200 m to nearly 1,000 m, it has habitats from Cerrado savannah to evergreen Amazonian forest, with an estimated 4,000 plant species, over 600 bird species and viable populations of many globally threatened vertebrates.
- Churches of Chiloé The Churches of Chiloé are wooden churches on the Chiloé Archipelago in southern Chile. The tradition began with Jesuit circuit missions in the 17th and 18th centuries and was continued by the Franciscans in the 19th. They show a blend of indigenous and European culture, fit closely into the landscape, and remain in community use.
- Ciudad Universitaria de Caracas The Ciudad Universitaria de Caracas, in the Venezuelan capital, was designed by Carlos Raúl Villanueva and built between 1940 and 1960. It is an outstanding example of the Modern Movement, integrating architecture, urban planning and a large number of works of art.
- Jesuit Block and Estancias of Córdoba The Jesuit Block in the city of Córdoba, once the heart of the Jesuit Province of Paraguay, includes the university, church, residence and college, and is accompanied by five estancias, or farming estates. Together they illustrate a religious, social and economic experiment that lasted over 150 years in the 17th and 18th centuries.
- Central Amazon Conservation Complex The Central Amazon Conservation Complex in Brazil's Amazonas state is the largest protected area in the Amazon Basin and one of the planet's richest regions for biodiversity. It includes várzea and igapó forests, lakes and channels forming a changing aquatic mosaic with the world's largest array of electric fish, and it protects threatened species such as the arapaima, Amazonian manatee, black caiman and two river dolphin species.
- Pantanal Conservation Area The Pantanal Conservation Area consists of four protected areas totalling 187,818 ha in the south-west of Mato Grosso state, western central Brazil. It represents 1.3% of Brazil's Pantanal, one of the world's largest freshwater wetland systems, and holds the headwaters of the Cuiabá and Paraguay river systems, with abundant and diverse plant and animal life.
- Brazilian Atlantic Islands: Fernando de Noronha and Atol das Rocas Reserves This property comprises the Fernando de Noronha Archipelago and Rocas Atoll off the coast of Brazil, peaks of the South Atlantic submarine ridge. Their waters are important for the breeding and feeding of tuna, sharks, turtles and marine mammals, the islands hold the largest concentration of tropical seabirds in the western Atlantic, and Baía dos Golfinhos has a resident dolphin population.
- Cerrado Protected Areas: Chapada dos Veadeiros and Emas National Parks The Cerrado Protected Areas comprise Chapada dos Veadeiros and Emas National Parks in central Brazil. They hold the characteristic flora, fauna and key habitats of the Cerrado, one of the world's oldest and most diverse tropical ecosystems, and have long served as refuges for species during periods of climate change.
- Historic Centre of the Town of Goiás The town of Goiás in central Brazil testifies to the occupation and colonisation of the region in the 18th and 19th centuries. Its layout is an example of the organic development of a mining town adapted to its site, and its modest public and private buildings form a harmonious whole through the consistent use of local materials and vernacular techniques.
- Historic Inner City of Paramaribo The Historic Inner City of Paramaribo is a 17th- and 18th-century Dutch colonial town on the northern coast of Suriname. Its original street plan survives intact, and its timber buildings combine Dutch and local building methods.
- Quebrada de Humahuaca Quebrada de Humahuaca runs along the Río Grande valley in Jujuy province, north-western Argentina, on the line of the Inca road. It has served as a major trade route for some 10,000 years and preserves traces of prehistoric hunter-gatherers, the Inca Empire and the independence wars.
- Historic Quarter of the Seaport City of Valparaíso Valparaíso is a port city in central Chile whose historic quarter shows late 19th-century urban and architectural development in Latin America. The city sits in a natural amphitheatre, with streets adapted to the hillsides above a geometric plan on the flat; the many hillside lifts are surviving early industrial infrastructure.
- Humberstone and Santa Laura Saltpeter Works Humberstone and Santa Laura are former saltpeter works and company towns in the Pampa of northern Chile, in the Atacama Desert. Workers from Chile, Peru and Bolivia lived here from 1880 and developed a distinctive pampino culture, marked by early struggles for social justice.
- Sewell Mining Town Sewell Mining Town stands at about 2,000 m in the Andes of central Chile, 60 km east of Rancagua. The Braden Copper Company built it in 1905 to house workers of the El Teniente mine. Laid out on a slope too steep for wheeled vehicles around a large central staircase, it is an outstanding example of a remote mining company town.
- Malpelo Fauna and Flora Sanctuary The Malpelo Fauna and Flora Sanctuary lies some 506 km off Colombia's Pacific coast and includes Malpelo island (350 ha) and 857,150 ha of surrounding sea, the largest no-fishing zone in the Eastern Tropical Pacific. It is a key habitat for threatened marine species, notably sharks, giant grouper and billfish.
- Sacred City of Caral-Supe The Sacred City of Caral-Supe, a 626 ha archaeological site on a desert terrace above the Supe valley on Peru's central coast, is about 5,000 years old and dates from the Late Archaic Period of the Central Andes. It is the oldest known centre of civilization in the Americas, with pyramids, plazas and sunken circular courts.
- São Francisco Square in the Town of São Cristóvão São Francisco Square in São Cristóvão, in Sergipe, north-eastern Brazil, is a quadrilateral open space surrounded by São Francisco Church and convent, the Church and Santa Casa da Misericórdia, the Provincial Palace and houses of various periods. With the surrounding 18th- and 19th-century houses it forms an urban landscape reflecting the history of the town, and the Franciscan complex is typical of the order's architecture in the north-east.
- Coffee Cultural Landscape of Colombia The Coffee Cultural Landscape of Colombia lies in the western Andes foothills and consists of six farming landscapes and 18 urban centres. It reflects a century-old tradition of growing coffee on small plots and the way farmers have adapted cultivation to difficult mountain terrain.
- Rio de Janeiro: Carioca Landscapes between the Mountain and the Sea Located in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, the site covers the natural elements that shaped and inspired the city, from the mountains of Tijuca National Park down to the sea. It includes the Botanical Gardens, founded in 1808, Corcovado with its statue of Christ, and the hills around Guanabara Bay and the designed landscapes along Copacabana, which contributed to the city's outdoor culture.
- Qhapaq Ñan, Andean Road System The Qhapaq Ñan is an Inca network of roads for communication, trade and defence, about 30,000 km in total, partly built on earlier infrastructure. It links Andean peaks above 6,000 m with the coast, rainforests, valleys and deserts, and reached its greatest extent in the 15th century. The property is shared by Argentina, Bolivia, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador and Peru.
- Fray Bentos Industrial Landscape The Fray Bentos Industrial Landscape lies on the Uruguay River in western Uruguay. It grew from a meat-processing factory founded in 1859 that used beef from the surrounding prairies to make extract and tinned products for export to Europe, and includes plant, workers' housing and a port, illustrating the early global meat industry.
- The Architectural Work of Le Corbusier, an Outstanding Contribution to the Modern Movement This transnational serial property comprises 17 works by Le Corbusier in seven countries: Argentina, Belgium, France, Germany, India, Japan and Switzerland. They reflect the new architectural ideas of the 20th-century Modern Movement and its spread across the world.
- Pampulha Modern Ensemble The Pampulha Modern Ensemble was the centre of a garden city project begun in 1940 at Belo Horizonte, capital of Minas Gerais. Arranged around an artificial lake, it includes a casino, ballroom, yacht club and the church of São Francisco de Assis, designed by Oscar Niemeyer with collaborating artists, and it joins architecture, landscape, sculpture and painting.
- Los Alerces National Park Los Alerces National Park is in the Andes of northern Patagonia, with its western boundary on the Chilean border. Glaciation left moraines, cirques and clear lakes, and the park holds temperate forest and alpine meadows. Its best-known feature is the alerce forest; the globally threatened alerce can live more than 3,600 years.
- Valongo Wharf Archaeological Site The Valongo Wharf Archaeological Site is in central Rio de Janeiro, where from 1811 a stone wharf was used to land enslaved Africans arriving in South America; an estimated 900,000 came through it. Its archaeological layers include the paving of the original wharf, the most important physical trace of the arrival of enslaved Africans in the Americas.
- Chiribiquete National Park – “The Maloca of the Jaguar” Chiribiquete National Park is Colombia's largest protected area, in the Amazon region, where four biogeographical provinces meet: Amazon, Andes, Orinoco and Guiana. It is known for its table-top sandstone mountains (tepuis) and for numerous rock paintings made by early peoples.
- Paraty and Ilha Grande – Culture and Biodiversity Paraty and Ilha Grande, on the coast of Rio de Janeiro state, is a combined natural and cultural landscape. It includes the historic centre of Paraty, one of Brazil's best-preserved coastal towns, four Atlantic Forest protected areas and part of the Serra da Bocaina, within a global biodiversity hotspot that shelters threatened species such as the jaguar, white-lipped peccary and southern muriqui.
- The work of engineer Eladio Dieste: Church of Atlántida The Church of Atlántida, with its belfry and underground baptistery, stands at Estación Atlántida, 45 km from Montevideo, Uruguay, and is the work of engineer Eladio Dieste. Inspired by early Christian and medieval Italian church architecture, it is a modernist building in thin-shell reinforced brickwork.
- Sítio Roberto Burle Marx Sítio Roberto Burle Marx, in western Rio de Janeiro, is a landscape laboratory developed over more than 40 years from 1949 by the landscape architect and artist Roberto Burle Marx (1909-1994), who used native plants and Modernist ideas to make living works of art. Its landscapes, gardens, buildings and plant collections show the features of his style, which influenced modern garden design internationally.
- Chankillo Archaeoastronomical Complex The Chankillo Archaeoastronomical Complex is a prehistoric site dating from 250–200 BC in the Casma Valley on the north-central coast of Peru. Its structures, together with natural features, functioned as a solar calendar, and a line of thirteen towers was used to mark the sun's position through the year.
- Settlement and Artificial Mummification of the Chinchorro Culture in the Arica and Parinacota Region The property is in the Arica and Parinacota Region of northernmost Chile and has three parts: two in the city of Arica and one at the Camarones river mouth about 100 km south. It records the Chinchorro, marine hunter-gatherers of the Atacama coast from about 5450 to 890 BCE, and holds the oldest known evidence of artificial mummification.
- Jodensavanne Archaeological Site: Jodensavanne Settlement and Cassipora Creek Cemetery The Jodensavanne Archaeological Site, on the forested banks of the Suriname River in northern Suriname, comprises the Jodensavanne settlement and the Cassipora Creek cemetery. It illustrates early Jewish colonization in the New World and retains the remains of a synagogue and graves.
- ESMA Museum and Site of Memory – Former Clandestine Centre of Detention, Torture and Extermination The site is in Buenos Aires, in the former Officers' Quarters of the Navy School of Mechanics. During the 1976-1983 civil-military dictatorship it was the navy's main secret detention centre, where abducted opponents were held, interrogated, tortured and killed. It is recognised as a place of memory for these crimes.
- Lençóis Maranhenses National Park Lençóis Maranhenses National Park is on the coast of Maranhão in north-eastern Brazil, in a transition zone between the Cerrado, Caatinga and Amazon biomes. More than half of it is a white coastal dune field with temporary and permanent lagoons; prevailing winds shape long chains of barchan dunes that fill with water in the rainy season, giving it significant geomorphological and scenic value.
- Peruaçu River Canyon The Peruaçu River Canyon is in northern Minas Gerais, Brazil, with karst landscapes, large caves and rich biodiversity. Its horizontal cave systems in carbonate rock have speleothems, collapsed dolines, limestone arches and underground rivers, and the park lies where the Cerrado, Caatinga and Atlantic Forest biomes meet, supporting over 2,000 plant and animal species, many of them threatened.
- Amazonia Theaters The Amazonia Theaters have two component parts: the Theatro da Paz and Praça da República in Belém, Pará, and the Teatro Amazonas and Largo de São Sebastião in Manaus, Amazonas. They were built during the Amazonian golden age of the rubber boom, between 1879 and 1912, inspired by French and European architecture and decorated with Amazon motifs, as symbols of political and urban ambition.